till

1 unstratified soil deposited by a glacier; consists of sand and clay and gravel and boulders mixed together [syn: boulder clay]

2 a treasury for government funds [syn: public treasury, trough]

3 a strongbox for holding cash [syn: cashbox, money box] v : work land as by ploughing, harrowing, and manuring, in order to make it ready for cultivation; "till the soil"

English

Etymology 1

til

rfc-level check placement of Pronunciation

Pronunciation

• , /tɪl/, /tIl/
• Rhymes with: -ɪl

Preposition

1. Up to.
2. As late as.

Translations

• Afrikaans tot
• Arabic: (ħattā)
• Chinese: 直到 (zhídào)
• Dutch: tot
• Finnish: saakka, asti , ennen; vaille
• French: jusqu'à
• German: bis
• Hebrew: עד (ádd)
• Hungarian: -ig (suffix)
• Italian: fino a
• Japanese: ...まで (...made)
• Korean: ...까지 (...kkaji)
• Norwegian: til, inntil
• Persian: (tā)
• Portuguese: até
• Russian: до (do)
• Spanish: hasta
• Swedish: tills
• Welsh: tan

Conjunction

1. Up to the time that (something is true).
2. Before (something is true).

Synonyms

• 'til (nonstandard), until

Translations

• Afrikaans: tot
• Arabic: (ħattā)
• Estonian: kuni
• Finnish: kunnes, ennen kuin
• French: jusqu'à
• German: bis
• Greek: μέχρι (mékhri), έως (éos), ίσαμε (ísame), ώσπου (óspu), ωσότου (osótu)
• Hebrew: עד (ádd)
• Hungarian: amíg, ameddig
• Italian: fino a
• Japanese: ...まで (...made)
• Persian: (tā)
• Russian: пока не (poká ne), до тех пор (do teχ por)
• Spanish: hasta que
• Swedish: till; tills

Etymology 2

Noun

1. A cash register
2. A removable box within a cash drawer containing the money

   Pull all the tills and lock them in the safe

3. The contents of a cash register or of a cash drawer, for example, at the beginning or end of the day or of a cashier's shift.

   My count of my till was 30 dollars short.

Etymology 3

Unknown, but possibly via etymology 4 (the verb) because alluvial deposit is used as a fertilizer.

Noun

till

1. Glacial drift consisting of a mixture of clay, sand, pebbles and boulders.
2. Manure or other material used to fertilize land.

Etymology 4

tilian

Verb

1. To develop so as to improve or prepare for usage; to cultivate (said of knowledge, virtue, mind etc).
2. To work or cultivate or plough (soil); to prepare for growing vegetation and crops.
3. To cultivate soil.

Quotations

• Genesis, II, 5

  And every plant of the field before it was in the earth, and every herb of the field before it grew: for the LORD God had not caused it to rain upon the earth, and there was not a man to till the ground.

Translations

References

Century 1911}}

Estonian

Noun

this glacial sediments Till is unsorted glacial sediment. Glacial drift is a general term for the coarsely graded and extremely heterogeneous sediments of glacial origin. Glacial till is that part of glacial drift which was deposited directly by the glacier. It may vary from clays to mixtures of clay, sand, gravel and boulders. Clay in till may form in spherical shapes called till balls. If a till ball rolls around in a stream, it may pick up rocks from the streambed and become covered by rocks; thence it is known as an armored till ball.

Till is deposited at the terminal moraine, along the lateral and medial moraines and in the ground moraine of a glacier. As a glacier melts, especially a continental glacier, large amounts of till are washed away and deposited as outwash in sandurs by the rivers flowing from the glacier and as varves in any proglacial lakes which may form. Till may contain alluvial deposits of gems or other valuable ore minerals picked up by the glacier during its advance, for example the diamonds found in Wisconsin, Indiana, and Canada. Prospectors use trace minerals in tills as clues to follow the glacier upstream to find kimberlite diamond deposits and other types of ore deposits.

Tillite

In cases where till has been indurated or lithified by subsequent burial into solid rock, it is known as the sedimentary rock tillite. Matching beds of ancient tillites on opposite sides of the south Atlantic Ocean provided early evidence for continental drift. The same tillites also provided the key evidence for the Precambrian Snowball Earth glaciation event.

Types of till

There are various types of classifying tills:

• primary deposits – these were laid down directly by glacier action
• secondary deposits – these have undergone reworking (e.g. fluvial transport, erosion, etc)

Traditionally (e.g. Dreimanis, 1988), a further set of divisions has been made to primary deposits, based upon the method of deposition.

• Lodgement tills – sediment which has been deposited by plastering of glacial debris from a sliding glacier bed.
• Deformation tills – Sediment which has been disaggregated and (usually) homogenised by shearing in the sub glacial deformed layer.
• Melt out tills – Released by melting of stagnant or slowly moving debris-rich glacier ice and deposited without subsequent transport or deformation. Split up into sub glacial melt out till (melting of debris rich ice at the bottom of the glacier) and supraglacial melt-out till (melting of ice on the glacier surface).
• Sublimation till – similar to melt out till, except the ice is lost through sublimation rather than melt. Often occurs only in extremely cold and arid conditions, mainly in Antarctica.

Some (e.g. Van der Meer et al. 2003) have suggested that these till classifications are outdated and should instead be replaced with only one classification, that of deformation till. The reasons behind this are largely down to the difficulties in accurately classifying different tills, which are often classified based on inferences of the physical setting of the till rather than till fabric or particle size analysis data.

See also

• Moraine
• Boulder clay
• Diamictite

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