shoring
Noun
1 a beam or timber that is propped against a
structure to provide support [syn:
shore]
2 the act of propping up with shores [syn:
shoring
up,
propping
up]
English
Noun
- Bracing used to
temporarily prevent something, such as a tunnel, trench or ditch, from caving
in.
Shoring is a general term used in
construction to describe
the process of supporting a structure in order to prevent collapse
so that construction can proceed. The phrase can also be used as a
noun to refer to the materials used in the process.
Applications
- Building Renovation - Shoring is used to support the beams and
floors in a building while a column or wall is removed. In this
situation vertical supports are used as a temporary replacement for
the building columns or walls.
- Trenches - During excavation, shoring systems
provide safety for workers in a trench and speed excavation. In
this case, shoring should not be confused with shielding.
Shoring is designed to prevent collapse where shielding is only
designed to protect workers when collapses occur.
- Concrete Structures - Shoring, in this case also referred to as
falsework, provides
temporary support until the concrete becomes hard and achieves the
desired strength to support loads.
Shoring Techniques
Raking Shore
Raking Shores consist of one or more timbers
sloping between the face of the structure to be supported and the
ground. The most effective support is given if the raker meets the
wall at an angle of 60 to 70 degrees. A
wall-plate is
typically used to increase the area of support.
Hydraulic Shoring
Hydraulic shoring is the use of hydraulic
pistons that can be pumped outward until they press up against the
trench walls. They are typically combined with steel plate or a
special heavy plywood called Finform.
Beam and Plate
Beam and Plate steel I-beams are driven into
the ground and steel plates are slid in amongst them. A similar
method that uses wood planks is called soldier boarding. Hydraulics
tend to be faster and easier; the other methods tend to be used for
longer term applications or larger excavations.
Soil Nailing
Soil nailing is a technique in which soil
slopes, excavations or retaining walls are reinforced by the
insertion of relatively slender elements - normally steel
reinforcing bars. The bars are usually installed into a pre-drilled
hole and then grouted into place or drilled and grouted
simultaneously. They are usually installed untensioned at a slight
downward inclination. A rigid or flexible facing (often sprayed
concrete) or isolated soil nail heads may be used at the
surface.
Continuous Flight Augering
Continuous Flight Augering (CFA)
is a method used to create concrete piles to support soil so that
excavation can take place nearby. A Continuous Flight Augering
drill is used to excavate a hole and concrete is injected through a
hollow shaft under pressure as the auger is extracted. This creates
a continuous pile without ever leaving an open hole.
References
External links