• Bulgarian: пясък
• Dutch: zandkleurig, zandkleurige
• Finnish: hiekanvärinen
• French: sable inv. m and f
• Japanese: 砂色の (すないろの, sunairo no)
• Portuguese: areia

• Dutch: schuren
• Finnish: hioa hiekkapaperilla
• French: poncer (sandpaper), sabler (sand jet)
• German: schleifen, schmirgeln
• Japanese: 磨く (みがく, migaku)
• Portuguese: arear
• Swedish: slipa, sandpappra

• Dutch: met zand bedekken
• Esperanto: kovri per sablo
• Finnish: hiekoittaa
• French: sabler
• German: versanden (to be covered); mit Sand bedecken
• Italian: insabbiare
• Japanese: 砂をまく (すなをまく, suna wo maku), 砂をかける (すなをかける, suna wo kakeru)
• Portuguese: arear
• Swedish: sanda (in particular slippery surfaces; surfaces covered with snow or ice)

* ttbc Spanish: lijar

See also

Danish

Noun

sand

1. sand (finely ground rock)

Adjective

sand

1. true

Faroese

Noun

sand

1. accusative of sandur: sand (finely ground rock)

Old English

Etymology 1

See the verb sendan

Noun

sand f

1. action of sending, embassy, mission, deputation; message
2. sending, service, course of food, dish of food, repast, mess, victuals

Etymology 2

Common Germanic *sanda-

Noun

sand n

1. sand, gravel
2. sand by the sea, sands, sea-shore, sandy shore, beach

Swedish

Pronunciation

Noun

sand

1. sand (particles of rock)

Related terms

• sanda

Sand is a naturally occurring granular material composed of finely divided rock and mineral particles.

As the term is used by geologists, sand particles range in diameter from 0.0625 (or mm) to 2 millimeters. An individual particle in this range size is termed a sand grain. The next smaller size class in geology is silt: particles smaller than 0.0625 mm down to 0.004 mm in diameter. The next larger size class above sand is gravel, with particles ranging from 2 mm up to 64 mm (see particle size for standards in use). Sand feels gritty when rubbed between the fingers (silt, by comparison, feels like flour). Sand is commonly divided into five sub-categories based on size: very fine sand (1/16 - 1/8 mm diameter), fine sand (1/8 mm - 1/4 mm), medium sand (1/4 mm - 1/2 mm), coarse sand (1/2 mm - 1 mm), and very coarse sand (1 mm - 2 mm). These sizes are based on the Φ sediment size scale, where size in Φ = -log base 2 of size in mm. On this scale, for sand the value of Φ varies from -1 to +4, with the divisions between sub-categories at whole numbers.

Constituents of sand

Study of individual grains can reveal much historical information as to the origin and kind of transport of the grain. Quartz sand that is recently weathered from granite or gneiss quartz crystals will be angular. It is called sharp sand in the building trade where it is preferred for concrete, and in gardening where it is used as a soil amendment to loosen clay soils. Sand that is transported long distances by water or wind will be rounded, with characteristic abrasion patterns on the grain surface. Desert sand is typically rounded.

People who collect sand as a hobby are known as arenophiles or psammofiles.

Uses of sand

• Sand is often a principal component of concrete.
• Molding sand, also known as foundry sand, is moistened or oiled and then shaped into molds for sand casting. This type of sand must be able to withstand high temperatures and pressure, allow gases to escape, have a uniform, small grain size and be non-reactive with metals.
• It is the principal component in glass production.
• Graded sand is used as an abrasive in sandblasting and is also used in media filters for filtering water.
• Brick manufacturing plants use sand as an additive with a mixture of clay and other materials for manufacturing bricks.
• Sand is sometimes mixed with paint to create a textured finish for walls and ceilings or a non-slip floor surface.
• Sandy soils are ideal for certain crops such as watermelons, peaches, and peanuts and are often preferred for intensive dairy farming because of their excellent drainage characteristics.
• Sand is used in landscaping, it is added to make small hills and slopes (for example, constructing golf courses).
• Beach nourishment - transportation to popular beaches where seasonal tides or artificial changes to the shoreline cause the original sand to flow out to sea.
• Sandbags are used for protection against floods and gun fire. They can be easily transported when empty, then filled with local sand.
• Sand castle building is a popular activity. There are competitive sand castle building competitions (See sand art and play).
• Sand animation is a type of performance art and a technique for creating animated films.
• Aquaria are often lined with sand instead of gravel. This is a low cost alternative which some believe is better than gravel.
• Railroads use sand to improve the traction of wheels on the rails.

Hazards

• Particle size
• Quicksand
• Sand Rat
• Sandstone
• Sandstorm
• Sand island
• Singing sand
• Tar sands
• White Sands National Monument

References

External links

• Beach Sand: What It Is, Where It Comes From and How It Gets Here-- Beaufort County Library

backbone, breccia, buff, burnish, debris, detritus, dress, emery, file, furbish, grain, granule, granulet, gravel, grind, grit, guts, intestinal, polish, pumice, rub up, sand dune, sand pile, sandbar, sandblast, sandpaper, shine, shingle, smooth, true grit