• Arabic:
• Chinese: 特权 (tèquán)
• Croatian: privilegija, privilegij
• Dutch: voorrecht
• Finnish: etuoikeus, erioikeus
• French: privilège
• German: Privileg
• Hungarian: előny
• Italian: privilegio
• Japanese: 特権 (とっけん, tokken)
• Korean: 특권 (teukgwon)
• Portuguese: privilégio
• Russian: привилегия (privilégija)
• Spanish: privilegio
• Swedish: privilegium

• Finnish: salassapito-oikeus

Verb

1. To grant some particular right or exemption to; to invest with a peculiar right or immunity; to authorize; as, to privilege representatives from arrest.
2. To bring or put into a condition of privilege or exemption from evil or danger; to exempt; to deliver.

Translations

A privilege—etymologically "private law" or law relating to a specific individual—is a special entitlement or immunity granted by a government or other authority to a restricted group, either by birth or on a conditional basis. A privilege can be revoked in some cases. In modern democracies, a privilege is conditional and granted only after birth. By contrast, a right is an inherent, irrevocable entitlement held by all citizens or all human beings from birth. Miscellaneous privileges, e.g. the old common law privilege to title deeds, may still exist, though of little relevance today.

In a broader sense, 'privilege' can refer to special powers or 'de facto' immunities held as a consequence of political power or wealth. Privilege of this sort may be transmitted by birth into a privileged class or achieved through individual actions. Compare elite.

One of the objectives of the French Revolution was the abolition of privilege. This meant the removal of separate laws for different social classes (nobility, clergy and ordinary people), instead subjecting everyone to the same common law. Privileges were abolished by the National Constituent Assembly on August 4, 1789.

In Popular Culture

• American alternative rock group Incubus has a song off their 1999 release, Make Yourself, entitled Privilege.

See also

• Privilege in canon law
• Executive privilege
• White privilege
• Male privilege
• Heterosexual privilege
• Privileged communication

Notes

accomplishment, advantage, allowance, appanage, ascendancy, authority, authorization, authorize, benefit, birthright, blank check, boon, carte blanche, certificate, certify, charter, concession, consent, copyright, deanship, diplomatic immunity, discharge, dispensation, empower, enable, enfranchise, entitle, excellence, exception, exemption, favor, franchise, freedom, give official sanction, give power, grant, greatness, immunity, incomparability, indulgence, inimitability, lead, leave, legalize, legislative immunity, legitimize, liberty, license, majority, one-upmanship, patent, permission, perquisite, precedence, predominance, predomination, preeminence, preponderance, prepotence, prepotency, prerogative, prestige, priority, ratify, release, right, right-of-way, sanction, seniority, skill, special favor, success, superiority, transcendence, transcendency, validate, virtuosity, warrant