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Extensive Definition
A greatcoat, also known as a watchcoat, is a
large overcoat typically made of wool designed for warmth and
protection against the elements. Its collar and cuffs could be
turned out to protect the face and hands from cold and rain, and
the short cape around the shoulders provides extra warmth and
repels rainwater (if made of a waterproof material). It was
popular in the 15th Century as a military
uniform and casual wear for the wealthy, issued for inclement
weather by most Armed Forces
right up until the last quarter of the 20th Century. Today they can
still be seen as Dress
Uniform in winter, an example being the Guards
Division of the British Army
who wear a design of greatcoat dating back to the Crimean War.
During the 17th and 18th century and the Industrial
Revolution, greatcoats became available for all social
classes.
The coat generally hangs down below the knees and
the cape is kept short, normally just above or below the elbows. It
also sported deep pockets for keeping letters and food dry.