coelom n : a cavity in the mesoderm of an embryo that gives rise in humans to the pleural cavity and pericardial cavity and peritoneal cavity [syn: celom, celoma]

English

Alternative spellings

• cœlom

Noun

1. A fluid-filled cavity within the body of an animal. The digestive system is suspended within the cavity, which is lined by a tissue called the peritoneum.

Related terms

• coelomate
• coelomic

The coelom (pronounced "seal-um") is a fluid filled cavity formed within the mesoderm. Coeloms developed in triploblasts but were subsquently lost in several lineages. Loss of coelom is correlated with reduction in body size. Coeloms are absent in diploblastic animals such as cnidarians.

Functionally, a coelom can absorb shock or provide a hydrostatic skeleton. It also allows organs to grow independently of the body wall. This can be seen in the digestive tract of earthworms and other annelids, which is suspended within the body in a mesentery derived from a mesoderm-lined coelom. In mammals, the coelom forms the peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial cavities.

In the past, zoologists grouped animals based on characters related to the coelom. The presence or absence of a coelom and the way in which it was formed was believed to be important in understanding the phylogenetic relationships of animal phyla. However, recent molecular phylogenies have suggested this characteristics is not as informative as previously believed.

See also

• Abdominal cavity